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Mangfall Bridge
The Mangfall Bridge is a motorway bridge across the valley of the Mangfall north of Weyarn in Upper Bavaria, Germany, which carries Bundesautobahn 8 between Munich and Rosenheim. The original bridge, designed by German Bestelmeyer, opened in January 1936 as one of the first large bridges in the Reichsautobahn system and was influential in its design. Destroyed at the end of World War II, this bridge was replaced with a temporary structure in 1948; the current bridge consists of a replacement built in 1958–60 to a design by Gerd Lohmer and Ulrich Finsterwalder and a second span for traffic in one direction which was added in the late 1970s when the autobahn was widened to six lanes.
==Original bridge==
The original bridge was one of the first large bridges constructed for the Reichsautobahn system under the Third Reich, and was the model for many that followed. It was a steel beam bridge long, wide and carried on two double pylons of reinforced concrete high.〔Rainer Stommer, "Triumph der Technik: Autobahnbrücken zwischen Ingenieuraufgabe und Kulturdenkmal", in: ''Reichsautobahn: Pyramiden des Dritten Reichs. Analysen zur Ästhetik eines unbewältigten Mythos'', ed. Rainer Stommer with Claudia Gabriele Philipp, Marburg: Jonas, 1982, ISBN 9783922561125, pp. 49–76, p. 61 〕 Hitler selected German Bestelmeyer's design;〔Richard Vahrenkamp, "Der Autobahnbau 1933 bis 1943 und das hessische Autobahnnetz", Arbeitspapier zur Logistik 36/2001, University of Kassel, ''Zeitschrift des Vereins für hessische Geschichte und Landeskunde'' 104 (2004) 225–66, (revision of August 2005 in pdf ), p. 4, note 5 〕 with a single deck and only two massive support pylons, in concrete rather than steel, it was preferred on aesthetic grounds, and a model of one of the pylons dominated the Reichsautobahn section of the ''Gibt mir vier Jahre Zeit'' (Give me four years) exhibition of Nazi achievements in 1937.〔 Its construction was a particularly favoured topic of the painters commissioned by Fritz Todt to document the Reichsautobahn,〔Erhard Schütz and Eckhard Gruber, ''Mythos Reichsautobahn: Bau und Inszenierung der "Straßen des Führers" 1933–1941'', Berlin: Links, 1996, ISBN 9783861531173, (p. 115 ) 〕 and also of documentary filmmakers,〔Edward Dimendberg, "The Will to Motorization: Cinema, Highways, and Modernity: For Wolf Donner, in Memoriam", ''October'' 73, Summer 1995, pp. 90–137, (p. 104 ).〕 and the finished bridge was also one of the Reichsautobahn scenes depicted on a postage stamp in 1936.〔Schütz and Gruber, p. 105.〕 It was the most successful steel bridge on the Reichsautobahn and served as a model for several that followed.〔〔Schütz and Gruber, p. 97.〕〔("Die Hinterlassenschaften der Nazis I: Täglich über Hitlers Autobahn" ), ''fuROrum'' Pressewoche, 30 April 2007, (archived ) at the Internet Archive on 17 May 2007 〕
Construction began in March 1934 and was mainly carried out by MAN SE of Gustavsburg.〔 Completion of the two pylons was celebrated on 24 November. On 6 January 1936, Hitler was first to drive across the bridge.〔Schütz and Gruber, p. 59.〕 The autobahn segment was opened to traffic on 11 January.〔Vahrenkamp, p. 14.〕
In 1945, the retreating Wehrmacht destroyed the bridge with explosives:〔Schütz and Gruber, p. 93.〕〔According to Thomas Noßke, (Der Bau der Autobahnen: Brückenbau ) , the bridge was destroyed by Hitler Youth after the Wehrmacht had refused to carry out the act as militarily senseless.〕 the deck and the western pylon were completely destroyed, the eastern pylon badly damaged.
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